Oil-feeding mechanism.



L. G. NILSON.`

OIL FEEDING MBOHANlSM. ArrLIoATIoN Imm rma. 25. 1907.

Patented Mar. 19,1912.

Elll bearing surfaces.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Lans e. NILsoN, or HoBoxEN, NEW JERSEY, AssmNon. or ONE-HALF To WILLIAM B.

s'rnANG, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL-FEEDING- MECHANISM.

` Specification of Letterslatent.

Application tiled February 25, 1907. Serial No. 359,288.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LABS G. NILsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Feedin Mechanism, of which the following is a fu l, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to oil feeding mechanism, and has particular reference to an apparatus for supplying oil by pressure to the bearings of a combustion engine or other machine.

More especially, the invention has application to internal combustion engines, which are commonly oiled either by gravity feed-l ing devices, or by what is known'as the splash system, herein the crank or some other incased moving part is caused to dip into a pool of oil and splash the same around in such manner as to lubricate the various In such a system, the oil may work up in-to. the combustion chamber and foul the cylinder, or if the engine be tilted, will be 'insufficiently supplied to some parts, and others will be flooded. Also in such a system the oil will become very dirty with continued use over and over. f The object of this invention is to provlde a forced oil feeding system 1n combination with a filter,` whereby an excess of.oil may be supplied to the bearings, cleaned and used over again.

In carrying out the invention, there is provided an oil reservoir capable of storing a supply of oil, and receiving the excess .oil from the bearings. From this reservoir, the oil is pumped under. pressure through distributing pipes to the points where it is to \be used. Preferably, the circulating system will contain one or. more filtering devices through which the oil will be forced under pressure, thereby removing any solid matters, and insuring a uniform supply 'of clean oil while the 'engine is running, and'independent of its position.

Further features of the invention relate to the` articular means for feeding oil to the cyllnder, for `cooling as well as lubricating purposes, and to moving bearings such as the crank pin and wrist pin.

The 'invention also comprehends an oil filter, together with a device for maintain-s ing the oil ata substantially determined feeding pressure; and in the combinations of the various parts, all of which will be more fully explained in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a diagram of an oil feeding system for a combustion engine, embodyingthe invention; Fig. 2 is a view in cross section of the filter, and Fig. 3 is a detail view of a valve device for mamtaining the oil at a determined pressure.

- 1 represents the bed of an engine motor, 2 the frame, 3 crankshaft, 4 crank, 5 crank pm, 6 connecting rod, 7 wrist in, 8 iston, and 9 the cylinder, all being o any esired construction and number of cylinders. The bottom of the engine casing is formed as a drain 10, in which the excess oil collects and from the lower` portion 11 of which, a ipe 12 leads to a pump reservoir 13. Exten ing from about the bottom of this reservoir 13 is a pump inlet pipe 14, having a strainer 15 to remove coarse particles.

16 is an oil pump, herein shown as of the gear type, driven from the shaft 3 by a belt 17, and forcing the oil through outlet pipe 18 to the oil filters 19. It will be understood that any other form of pump could be used instead, this being a well known form and readily understood. Between pump 16 and filter 19, is a by-pass pipe 2O leading back to the tank 13, and this pipe is normally closed by a plug 21, which moves downward to open pipe 20 to the tank when the pressure exceeds a determined amount, as in case the pipes clog up or at excessive speed. To regulate the pressure and prevent damage the plug 21 is held seated by a spring 22, the tension of which, and thus the maximum oily pressure, can be regulated by a screw 23. The filters19 are similarly constructed, and a description of one will suffice for both, it being o served that the pipe 18 is branched, each branch having a cock 24.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the filter com- Aeo ' 5 pipes.

ing. lEach filter is connected at the top to a main supply pipe 31, provided with 'cocks 32, and a'pressure gage 33, and from this pipe 31 lead' the various distributing To lubricate the cylinder, the iston is yprovided with a series of inclined oles35,L

'and a pipe 36 having a restricted nozzle,-so.

as to form a jet, is provided, which is positioned 'to direct a jet of oil'into the r'interior 'of. the piston.. This jet of oil will scatter and oil the cylinder through'holes 35. This sai'rie4 arrangement will lubricate the moving-- wrist pin bearing at the same time," as well .20 lubricated. For oiling the crank pin, a

cup 37 is formed on the end of the connecting rod'having an oil passage to the bearing. A nozzle 38, connected to-pipe 3l, is so positioned as to direct a jet of oil into the cup 37, as the connecting rod moves upward.

59 is a distributing pipe leading to the main shaft bearings. l d tOis a pipe for emptying the drain 1.0, and a pipe 34 may be provided to o'il the cylinder directly if desired. By adjusting the screw 23, and appropriately speedingl the oil pump, excessive pressure will be prevented in the oil supply pipe 3l, and also 'the oil pressure rendered adjustable. IIt may however, be desirable to increase the feeding pressure at high speeds, and this can readily be done by means of the screw. Also, the pressure will be sufficient to cause the oil toy spurt out of the nozzles, so

that the bearing parts will be flooded, and thereby cooled as well as lubricated. Ordinarily, it is proposed to use but one filter at a time, which can be done by means of the cocks 24C and 32, leaving the other in reserve,

or permitting it to be cleaned without interfering with the engine.

So far as I am aware, it has not heretofore `been pro sed to oil the cylinder from the interior di the.piston, and at the same time supply an excess of oil which will cool the cate the wrist pin as well.

piston head and adjacent parts, and lubri- From the foregoing description,v it will be v-seen that a forced oil feeding system is provided, lhaving all the advantages" of the splash system as yto cooling, 'and none ofthe disadvantages, such as using dirty or grit-ty oil and uneven" distribution of oil.

It will be understood that the construc- 60 tion and arrangement of the various parts may be varied without departingfrom the scope of the invention, which is not to b restricted to the precise fQrm shown.

Havingfthus described my invention,I dev clare'that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

1. In an oilfeeding system for a combustion engine, the combination with a hollow piston having oil passages therethrough,.of an oil force pump and a stationary distributing nozzle leading from said pump andv discharging a jet of oil into thehollow of said piston to lill the passages, whereby to oil the connecting rod and the interior of the cylinder.

2. In an oil feeding system for a combustion engine, the combination with a piston, a connecting rod, and a crank shaft, of means forl oiling the crank pin continuously while the Aengine is running` comprising a drain for collecting oil, a pump, and a distributing pipe from the pump having a sta-l tionary nozzle located to discharge a jet of oil toward the crank.

3. The combination with the cylinder and pistonof a combustion engine, of a drain for collecting oil, a distributing pipehaving a stationary nozzle, a hollow piston surrounding said.nozzle at one position, pas- 90 sages through said piston to the sides, and a pump driven by the engine and supplying an excess of.oil to the interior of the piston whereby to cool as well as oil the piston while the engine is running.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JULIAN S. Woos'rnn, EDMUND O. DUBOCQ. 

